Faculties and Degrees
- Faculty of Arts: The foundational course of study covering the trivium (grammar, rhetoric, logic) and quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, music, astronomy).
- Higher Faculties: Theology, law (canon and civil), and medicine.
Degrees were structured hierarchically:
- Baccalaureate: Basic degree after arts studies.
- Licentiate: Permission to teach.
- Master’s or Doctorate: Higher qualifications usually in theology, law, or medicine.
Governance and Community
Universities functioned as corporations (universitas) with legal rights, often granted charters by popes or kings. Students and masters formed self-governing bodies, resolving disputes internally.
The communities were often multicultural and multilingual, with students and teachers coming from across Europe and beyond. shutdown123